![]() In 1955, Friedwardt Winterberg proposed a test of general relativity-detecting time slowing in a strong gravitational field using accurate atomic clocks placed in orbit inside artificial satellites. The design of GPS is based partly on similar ground-based radio-navigation systems, such as LORAN and the Decca Navigator, developed in the early 1940s. The work of Gladys West is credited as instrumental in the development of computational techniques for detecting satellite positions with the precision needed for GPS. Getting of The Aerospace Corporation, and Bradford Parkinson of the Applied Physics Laboratory are credited with inventing it. Easton of the Naval Research Laboratory, Ivan A. Department of Defense developed the system, which originally used 24 satellites, for use by the United States military, and became fully operational in 1995. The GPS project was launched in the United States in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems, combining ideas from several predecessors, including classified engineering design studies from the 1960s.
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